What are the precautions for taking Spasontan

What are the precautions for taking Spasontan

1. Acute kidney injury

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors can cause acute kidney injury and require regular monitoring of renal function, and suspension or discontinuation of therapy should be considered in patients with significant decline in renal function during the treatment period.

2. Hyperkalemia

Patients with advanced kidney disease, or those taking drugs that raise serum potassium levels (eg, potassium supplements, potassium-sparing diuretics), or who use potassium-containing salt substitutes are at increased risk of hyperkalemia, so patients need to be monitored regularly and treated accordingly, with the drug being reduced or discontinued.

3. Fluid retention

Patients treated with endothelin receptor antagonists may experience fluid retention, and if significant fluid retention occurs, the patient should be evaluated to determine the cause and to consider whether the diuretic dose needs to be changed or adjusted, and then whether to adjust the dosage.

How to prevent or treat liver toxicity during the use of sparsontan

1. Reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity

To reduce the risk of potentially serious hepatotoxicity, serum aminotransferase levels and total bilirubin levels should be measured prior to initiation of treatment with sparsentan. and measured monthly for the first 12 months and then every 3 months during the treatment period. Treatment with sparsentam can be started only after the aminotransferase level and total aminotransferase level have been measured.

2. Seek medical attention in a timely manner

It is recommended that patients with hepatotoxicity symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, right upper quadrant pain, fatigue, anorexia, yellow pox, dark urine, fever or itching during treatment immediately stop treatment and seek medical attention in time.

3. Monitor aminotransferase levels

If abnormal aminotransferase levels occur during treatment, spasentan therapy should be discontinued and monitored as recommended.

4. Recovery treatment

Restarting treatment with sparsentan should be considered when liver enzyme levels and bilirubin levels have returned to pre-treatment levels, and only in patients without clinical symptoms of hepatotoxicity.

5. Avoid use

Spasentan should be avoided in patients with elevated aminotransferases (3 times ULN). Monitoring for hepatotoxicity in these patients may be more difficult, and these patients may be at increased risk for severe hepatotoxicity.

6. No reversible treatment

Spasentan therapy should not be resumed in patients with clinical symptoms of hepatotoxicity or in patients whose liver enzyme levels and bilirubin levels have not returned to pre-treatment levels.